Remedial Design/Remedial Action (RD/RA) is associated with which cleanup framework?

• A. RCRA
• B. CERCLA
• C. MDEQ LUST
• D. None

Answer: (B)

Remedial Design and Remedial Action are the engineering and construction steps of the CERCLA (Superfund) cleanup process. After a site is investigated and a remedy is chosen in the Record of Decision, the project moves into Remedial Design to develop the detailed plans, specifications, and procurement needed to implement the remedy, followed by Remedial Action, which is the actual construction and deployment of the cleanup, along with monitoring and long-term stewardship. This sequence is specific to CERCLA’s framework; other programs like RCRA use different terminology for cleanup (such as corrective action and closure), and state programs like LUST focus on leaks from underground storage tanks rather than CERCLA’s remedy design/implementation steps.